黨的十八大明確提出把生態文明建設放在突出地位，融入經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設各方面和全過程，努力建設美麗中國，實現中華民族永續發展。剛剛結束的黨的十八屆五中全會提出要堅持綠色發展，推動形成綠色發展方式和生活方式。本期術語圍繞生態文明建設主題，選取了18條術語，涉及生態文明建設的目標、理念、基本方針、實現路徑、體制機制、政策措施等。這些術語主要選自《生態文明體制改革總體方案》、《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃的建議》等文獻。

人與自然和諧發展
humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature

生命共同體
a community of life

生態文明
ecological progress; ecological conservation; eco-civilization

生態文化
eco-culture

國家生態安全
national ecological security

全球生態安全
global ecological security

生態文明制度體系
institutional framework for promoting ecological progress

【例】到2020年，構建起由自然資源資產產權制度、國土空間開發保護制度等八項制度構成的生態文明制度體系。
By 2020, an institutional framework composed of eight systems will have been established for promoting ecological progress, including a property rights system for natural resource assets and a system for developing and protecting territorial space.

生態文明體制改革
reform for promoting ecological progress

【例】緊緊圍繞建設美麗中國,深化生態文明體制改革，加快建立生態文明制度，推動形成人與自然和諧發展現代化建設新格局。
To build a beautiful China, we will deepen reform to promote ecological progress and move faster to establish related systems so as to create a new model of modernization that ensures humanity develops in harmony with nature.

綠色發展、循環發展、低碳發展
green, circular, and low-carbon development

節約優先、保護優先、自然恢復為主
give high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment, and letting nature restore itself

生態保護紅線
ecological conservation redline

國家公園體制
national park system

資源有償使用和生態補償制度
system for payment-based resource use and compensation for ecological conservation

跨區域、跨流域生態補償機制
mechanism for trans-regional and cross-watershed compensation for ecological conservation

生態文明績效評價考核和責任追究
ecological conservation performance assessment and accountability

生態環境損害責任終身追究制
system of lifelong accountability for ecological and environmental damage

污染物排放許可制
permit system for pollutants emissions

綠水青山就是金山銀山
Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.

（來源：中央編譯局，編輯：Helen）