英國(guó)“脫歐”公投將于6月23日舉行。“脫歐”公投，指就英國(guó)是否脫離歐盟進(jìn)行的公投。

“脫歐”派認(rèn)為歐盟拖了英國(guó)的后腿，稱(chēng)歐盟強(qiáng)加于企業(yè)過(guò)多的規(guī)定，作為歐盟成員國(guó)每年要上繳數(shù)十億英鎊的費(fèi)用，但回報(bào)甚微。他們還希望英國(guó)能收回對(duì)邊界的完全控制權(quán)，減少到英國(guó)工作生活的人，等等。

“留歐”派稱(chēng)，歐盟成員國(guó)身份對(duì)英國(guó)有很大的幫助，如向其他成員國(guó)出售商品更加便利，同時(shí)移民潮中大部分都是愿意工作的年輕人，有助于促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，分擔(dān)公共服務(wù)費(fèi)用等。

雖然英國(guó)首相卡梅倫本人反對(duì)脫歐，但對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，提前舉行脫歐公投的決定，最終變成了一個(gè)自己無(wú)法掌控的進(jìn)程。

最晚票區(qū)結(jié)果預(yù)計(jì)將在當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間24日早上7點(diǎn)左右（北京時(shí)間24日下午2點(diǎn)）出爐。

IN NUMBERS： EU referendum
數(shù)讀英國(guó)“脫歐”公投

18: Minimum age citizens must be to vote
18歲：英國(guó)公民參加投票的最低年齡限制

￡6 million: Maximum amount groups can spend on official referendum campaigns
600萬(wàn)英鎊：各種團(tuán)體可用于正式投票活動(dòng)的最高數(shù)額

1975: Last time Britain had a referendum on the EU (or the 'Common Market' as it was then called)
1975年：英國(guó)最近一次“脫歐”公投的時(shí)間，以決定是否繼續(xù)留在歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體。

67%: Percentage of the 1975 electorate who chose to stay in
67%：1975年公投中，支持英國(guó)繼續(xù)留在歐洲共同體的選民比例。

65%: Turnout in 1975 referendum
65%：1975年公投投票率。

￡12.9 billion: Amount the UK paid to the EU in 2015 after rebate taken into account
129億英鎊：2015年英國(guó)向歐盟納稅共計(jì)129億英鎊（折扣后）。

7: Number of ministers who attend David Cameron's Cabinet meetings who want to leave the EU
7：英國(guó)首相卡梅倫內(nèi)閣中支持脫歐的大臣人數(shù)。

150: Number of Conservative MPs expected to back Brexit
150：據(jù)估計(jì)支持脫歐的保守黨議員人數(shù)。

2.7 million: Number of people born in another EU country who now live in the UK according to Migration Watch
270萬(wàn)：根據(jù)“移民觀察”組織的數(shù)據(jù)，生于其他歐盟國(guó)家、現(xiàn)居英國(guó)的人數(shù)。

FAQ：What is the EU referendum?
“脫歐”公投問(wèn)答：

What does "Brexit" stand for?

"Brexit"（“脫歐”）是什么意思？

The term is a commonly-used abbreviation for British exit from the EU.
"Brexit"是“英國(guó)退出歐盟”的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)。

How will it be decided?
如何決定？

The decision hangs on the result of a national referendum, currently being prepared by the government.
根據(jù)英國(guó)公投結(jié)果確定，目前英國(guó)政府正為此做準(zhǔn)備。

When will the referendum be held?
公投時(shí)間？

The referendum will be held on Thursday.
全民公投將在6月23日舉行。

What will the question be?
公投問(wèn)題是什么？

The question will ask: 'Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?'
問(wèn)題是：“英國(guó)應(yīng)該繼續(xù)留在歐盟，還是退出歐盟？”

What is the expected result?
結(jié)果會(huì)怎樣？

Most polls show the British public is roughly evenly divided about the country's future in the EU, with a slight bias towards staying
大多數(shù)民調(diào)顯示，英國(guó)公眾中，支持脫歐與支持留歐的比例基本持平，支持留在歐盟的比例略微多一點(diǎn)。

Remain or Leave?
觀點(diǎn)大PK：

支持留歐：

REMAIN: David Cameron
英國(guó)首相卡梅倫

‘Economic security with the EU, or a leap into the dark’
“留在歐盟經(jīng)濟(jì)有保障，否則將邁入無(wú)盡深淵。”

‘I believe it (leaving the EU) would be needless and reckless – an act of economic and political self-harm’
“我認(rèn)為脫歐完全沒(méi)有必要，也很魯莽。是對(duì)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)的自損。”

REMAIN: Barack Obama
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬

‘The EU makes Britain even greater’
“歐盟使英國(guó)更強(qiáng)大。”

‘Together, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union have turned centuries of war in Europe into decades of peace, and worked as one to make this world a safer, better place’
“美國(guó)、英國(guó)、和歐盟其他國(guó)家一起，結(jié)束了歐洲幾百年的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，迎來(lái)了數(shù)十年的和平。攜手一起，讓世界更安全、更美好。”

REMAIN: William Hague
英國(guó)前外交大臣威廉-黑格

‘The Leave campaign is really the Donald Trump campaign with better hair’
“脫歐運(yùn)動(dòng)就好像是長(zhǎng)了頭發(fā)的特朗普在主持一樣。”

‘This transatlantic mirror-image is completed by the uncannily identical expectations, at least on the part of political pundits and financial markets, of what the results will be’
“這位大西洋對(duì)岸的翻版人物有著完全相同的期待（支持脫歐），不可思議，至少在有關(guān)公投會(huì)導(dǎo)致的政治權(quán)威及金融市場(chǎng)影響方面。”

REMAIN: John McTernan
政治戰(zhàn)略評(píng)論家約翰-麥克唐納

‘Turkey deal reveals the EU’s future - Britain should be desperate to be a part of it’
“歐盟土耳其難民協(xié)議預(yù)示了歐盟的未來(lái)，英國(guó)應(yīng)該非常愿意留在歐盟。”

‘A Britain in the EU is open for business – for free trade, free movement of capital, goods and services and free movement of labour. Outside we will have chosen to close ourselves’
“留在歐盟的英國(guó)對(duì)商業(yè)和自由貿(mào)易持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，對(duì)資本以及商品和服務(wù)的自由流動(dòng)、勞動(dòng)力的自由流動(dòng)都敞開(kāi)了大門(mén)。如果脫歐，我們也就選擇了封閉自己。”

支持脫歐：

LEAVE: Boris Johnson
前倫敦市長(zhǎng)鮑里斯?約翰遜

‘There is only one way to get the change we want’
“我們永遠(yuǎn)不可能再有下一次機(jī)會(huì)。”

‘And it is important to remember: it isn’t we in this country who have changed. It is the European Union.’
“要記住，不是英國(guó)公民變了，而是歐盟變了，這非常重要。”

LEAVE: Col Richard Kemp
英國(guó)政府反恐顧問(wèn)理查德?坎普上校

‘It is an EU army that could bring about war’
“歐盟軍隊(duì)可能引起戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。”

‘A vote to Remain would embolden Brussels in the goal of ever-closer union. This will include a European army.... And an EU army would undermine deterrence and cripple Nato, weakening European defences’
“如果投票留歐，歐盟就會(huì)成為更緊密的聯(lián)盟。有可能會(huì)成立歐洲軍隊(duì)……而一支歐盟軍隊(duì)會(huì)破壞威懾力，削弱北約，使歐洲防御變?nèi)酢！?/p>

LEAVE: Allister Heath
評(píng)論員亞歷斯特?西斯

‘EU red tape is suffocating UK economy and Brexit can set us free’
“歐盟的繁文縟節(jié)損害了英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)，脫歐能讓我們重獲自由。”

‘As it becomes ever clearer that we won’t be able to reform our economy if we stay in the EU, let us hope that more senior business leaders add their names to such (pro-Brexit) lists’
“現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越清楚了，我們留在歐盟就沒(méi)法進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)改革，我們希望更多經(jīng)濟(jì)大腕支持脫歐。”

LEAVE: Michael Howard
前英國(guó)保守黨領(lǐng)袖邁克爾?霍華德

‘David Cameron’s reform bid has failed – it’s time to go’
“卡梅倫的改革努力失敗了，是時(shí)候脫歐了。”

‘The EU’s fundamental flaw is its misconceived attempt to impose rigid uniformity on countries as different as Finland and Greece, Portugal and Germany’
“歐盟試圖把嚴(yán)格的一致性強(qiáng)加于各個(gè)成員國(guó)，純屬構(gòu)想不當(dāng)?shù)膰L試，也是其根本缺點(diǎn)。芬蘭、希臘、葡萄牙、德國(guó)等等這些國(guó)家是完全不同的。”

明星發(fā)公開(kāi)信支持“留歐”

David Beckham
球星大衛(wèi)-貝克漢姆

"We live in a vibrant and connected world where together as a people we are strong. For our children and their children we should be facing the problems of the world together and not alone," Beckham said in a statement.
小貝在公開(kāi)信中說(shuō)：“我們生活在充滿(mǎn)活力且聯(lián)系緊密的世界里。作為人類(lèi)整體而言我們很強(qiáng)大。為了我們的下一代，我們應(yīng)該一起面對(duì)世界上的難題，而不是孤軍奮戰(zhàn)。”

"For these reasons I am voting to Remain."
“因此我支持留歐。”

'Harry Potter' author Rowling
《哈利波特》作者J.K.羅琳

"How can a retreat into selfish and insecure individualism be the right response when Europe faces genuine threats, when the bonds that tie us are so powerful, when we have come so far together?" she wrote.
她寫(xiě)道：“歐洲正面臨著真正的威脅，連接我們的紐帶如此強(qiáng)大，而且我們一起經(jīng)歷了這么多。這時(shí)退回到自私且不安全的個(gè)人主義狀態(tài)怎么會(huì)是正確的呢？”

Benedict Cumberbatch
英國(guó)著名演員“卷福”

"Britain is not just stronger in Europe, it is more imaginative and more creative," the letter also says. "Our global creative success would be severely weakened by walking away."
“留在歐盟的英國(guó)不僅更強(qiáng)大，也更有想象力和創(chuàng)造力。如果脫歐，我們?nèi)騽?chuàng)意的成功將大打折扣。”——來(lái)自“卷福”及眾明星簽名發(fā)表的公開(kāi)信

Stephen Hawking
科學(xué)家史蒂芬-霍金

"First, increased funding has raised greatly the level of European science as a whole and of the UK in particular because we have a competitive edge. Second, we now recruit many of our best researchers from continental Europe, including younger ones who have obtained EU grants and have chosen to move with them here."

“其一，英國(guó)具有強(qiáng)大的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，增加科研資金能夠極大地提高歐洲整體的科學(xué)水平，尤其是英國(guó)的科學(xué)水平。其二，英國(guó)目前招募的眾多頂級(jí)研究人員都來(lái)自歐洲大陸，包括一些已經(jīng)獲得了歐盟資助的年輕科學(xué)家們。”

英文來(lái)源：每日電訊報(bào)
翻譯&編審：yaning