无码中文字幕一Av王,97亚洲综合色成在线,中文字幕无码无遮挡在线看,久久99久久国产精品

您現在的位置: Language Tips> News English> Bilingual News  
   
 





 
上班族調查:老板性別影響員工壓力程度
Boss' gender can affect workers' stress
[ 2008-09-16 09:24 ]

上班族調查:老板性別影響員工壓力程度

A new study finds that your boss' gender can affect just how much pain he or she seems to inflict.

Bosses in general can be a pain in the ... well, you know, but a new study finds that your boss' gender can affect just how much pain he or she seems to inflict.

Researchers at the University of Toronto used data from a 2005 national telephone survey of working adults in the United States and compared the stress levels and physical health problems of men and women working in one of three situations: for a lone male supervisor, a lone female supervisor, or for both a male and female supervisor.

The study found that:

* Women who had only one female boss reported more psychological distress (such as trouble sleeping, difficulty focusing on work, depression and anxiety) and physical symptoms (such as headaches, stomach pain or heartburn, neck and back pain and tiredness) than women who worked for one male boss.

* Women who reported to a mixed-gender pair of supervisors also reported more of these symptoms than their peers who worked for a single male boss.

* Men who worked for a single supervisor, regardless of the supervisor's gender, had similar levels of distress. Men who worked for a mixed-gender pair had fewer mental and physical symptoms than those working for a lone male supervisor.

The analysis, detailed in the September issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior, controlled for occupation, job sector and other workplace conditions, meaning the results were independent of these factors.

The findings, specifically those of female subordinates with females bosses, contradict theories suggested by previous studies that demographic similarities between a boss and their subordinate would promote harmony in the work place, while demographic differences would create problems.

The researchers speculated that these contradictions may stem from the stereotype that it is more "normal" for men to be leaders and display the typical leadership characteristics. So while female subordinates may expect more "aggressive" traits from a male leader, they could expect more support from a supervisor who is also female than they actually get, said study co-author Scott Schieman.

Women leaders who "act like men" in terms of society's unconscious expectations may be viewed more negatively, Schieman said. He and other sociologists suspect this was a situation faced by Hillary Clinton during the Democratic primary races.

 


點擊查看更多雙語新聞


(Agencies)

總的來說,老板通常都是員工最討厭的人。不過一項最新研究發現,老板的性別會影響他(她)給員工造成的壓力程度。

多倫多大學的研究人員分析了2005年全美的上班族電話調查數據,對男性和女性員工在三種不同的工作環境下的壓力水平和健康問題進行了比較。這三種工作環境分別是:有一個男上司、有一個女上司、有男女上司各一位。

研究發現:

?只有一個女上司的女職員精神壓力較大(如睡眠差,工作時難以集中精力、抑郁和沮喪等),身體不適癥狀較多(如頭痛、胃痛,胃灼燒,頸部或背部不適以及疲倦),而擁有一個男上司的女員工情況則要好得多。

?與只有一位男上司的女員工相比,擁有一男一女兩位上司的女員工所出現的這些不適癥狀也較多。

?只有一位上司的男職員,無論上這位上司是男是女,他們感受到的壓力基本相當。有一男一女兩位上司的男職員出現的心理和生理問題比僅有一位男上司的職員少。

該研究在9月份的《健康與社會行為期刊》上發表。研究限定了受訪者的職業、職位類別和其它工作環境因素,因此研究結果不受這些因素的影響。

這些發現與之前的研究結果正好相反,尤其是女職員與女老板這一類。此前有研究認為,相同性別的老板與員工在工作中會更有默契,而異性“搭檔”則容易出問題。

研究人員推測,這一傳統說法可能源于人們的一些固有觀念,即男性當領導以及展現出“領導特質”更“合乎情理”。 研究小組成員斯科特?斯切爾曼說,女性員工可能更希望在男上司身上看到一些更“強勢”的東西,那么她們自然希望能從女上司那得到更多的支持。

斯切爾曼說,按照當今社會的潛在觀念,那些“作風男性化”的女上司可能更不受歡迎。他和其他一些社會學家們懷疑,這可能也是希拉里在民主黨初選中所面臨一個困境。

(實習生瞿漫 英語點津姍姍編輯)

 

Vocabulary: 

inflict:造成

 
英語點津版權說明:凡注明來源為“英語點津:XXX(署名)”的原創作品,除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外,其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請與010-84883631聯系;凡本網注明“來源:XXX(非英語點津)”的作品,均轉載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉載,請與稿件來源方聯系,如產生任何問題與本網無關;本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段,版權歸原作者所有,僅供學習與研究,如果侵權,請提供版權證明,以便盡快刪除。
相關文章 Related Story
 
 
 
本頻道最新推薦
 
Walking in the US first lady's shoes
“準確無誤”如何表達
英國新晉超女蘇珊大媽改頭換面
豬流感 swine flu
你有lottery mentality嗎
翻吧推薦
 
論壇熱貼
 
別亂扔垃圾。怎么譯這個亂字呀?
橘子,橙子用英文怎么區分?
看Gossip Girl學英語
端午節怎么翻譯?
母親,您在天堂還好嗎?